vestnik-bio-msuВестник Московского университета. Серия 16. БиологияVestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya0137-0952Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology10.55959/MSU0137-0952-16-2022-77-4-231-240vestnik-bio-msu-1184Research ArticleОригинальные исследованияМеханизмы холинергического сокращения гладкой мускулатуры кишечника беломорской трески Gadus morhua marisalbi (Gadidae): вклад различных подтипов М-холинорецепторов и Rho-киназыMechanisms of the White Sea cod Gadus morhua marisalbi (Gadidae) intestinal smooth muscle cholinergic contraction: the contribution of various subtypes of M-cholinergic receptors and Rho-kinasehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8859-7689ШвецоваА. А.ShvetsovaA. A.

Швецова Анастасия Алексеевна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. кафедры физиологии человека и животных биологического факультета

Department of Human and Animal Physiology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

anastasiashvetsova92@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5259-0861МоргуноваГ. В.MorgunovaG. V.

Моргунова Галина Васильевна – канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. сектора эволюционной цитогеронтологии биологического факультета

Evolutionary Cytogerontology Sector, School of Biology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7657-5973НоводережкинаЕ. А.NovoderezhkinaE. A.

Новодережкина Евгения Алексеевна – соискатель, кафедра общей и клинической фармакологии

Department of Human and Animal Physiology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2319-9396ПотехинаВ. М.PotekhinaV. M.

Потехина Виктория Маратовна – канд. биол. наук, мл. науч. сотр. кафедры физиологии человека и животных биологического факультета

Department of Human and Animal Physiology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6496-0527КаменскийА. А.KamenskyA. A.

Каменский Андрей Александрович – докт. биол. наук, проф., зав. кафедрой физиологии человека и животных биологического факультета

Department of Human and Animal Physiology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

ТарасоваО. С.TarasovaO. S.

Тарасова Ольга Сергеевна – докт. биол. наук, доц., проф. кафедры физиологии человека и животных биологического факультета

Department of Human and Animal Physiology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202229112022774231240Copyright © Швецова А.А., Моргунова Г.В., Новодережкина Е.А., Потехина В.М., Каменский А.А., Тарасова О.С., 20222022Швецова А.А., Моргунова Г.В., Новодережкина Е.А., Потехина В.М., Каменский А.А., Тарасова О.С.Shvetsova A.A., Morgunova G.V., Novoderezhkina E.A., Potekhina V.M., Kamensky A.A., Tarasova O.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1184

Изучение особенностей функционирования различных систем организма у разных позвоночных животных является одной из ключевых задач сравнительной физиологии. Костистые рыбы – многочисленная группа позвоночных, однако механизмы функционирования их пищеварительного тракта недостаточно изучены и в основном только для такого модельного объекта как Danio rerio. Целью данной работы было охарактеризовать участие различных подтипов М-холинорецепторов и фермента Rho-киназы в холинергическом сокращении гладкой мускулатуры кишечника беломорской трески Gadus morhua marisalbi (Gadidae). Из проксимального отдела кишки вырезали продольную полоску и помещали ее в установку для регистрации сократительных ответов в изометрическом режиме. Сократительные реакции в ответ на ацетилхолин полностью блокировались атропином. Блокада М3-холинорецепторов с помощью 4-DAMP приводила к ослаблению вызванного ацетилхолином сокращения по сравнению с ответом в контроле. При блокаде М1-рецепторов с помощью пирензепина сократительные ответы также уменьшались, но менее выраженно, чем при блокаде М3-холинорецепторов. Блокада М2-холинорецепторов с помощью метоктрамина не влияла на величину сократительного ответа. Инкубация препаратов с ингибитором Rho-киназы сопровождалась существенным уменьшением сократительных реакций по сравнению с контролем, а также более быстрым снижением силы сокращения после достижения «пика» реакции. Таким образом, ацетилхолин вызывает сокращение гладкой мускулатуры кишечника трески путем активации М3 и М1, но не М2-холинорецепторов. Активность фермента Rho-киназы способствует развитию и поддержанию сокращения гладкой мускулатуры кишечника трески под действием ацетилхолина. Полученные результаты представляют интерес для сравнительной физиологии, они могут оказаться важными для понимания механизмов повреждающего влияния факторов окружающей среды на организм костистых рыб, а также при использовании рыб в доклинических исследованиях лекарственных препаратов.

The study of the functioning of various body systems in different vertebrates is one of the key tasks of comparative physiology. Teleost fish are a large group of vertebrates, however, the mechanisms of functioning of their digestive tract have been studied little and mainly only for such a model object as Danio rerio. The aim of this work was to characterize the participation of various subtypes of M-cholinergic receptors and the enzyme Rho-kinase in the cholinergic contraction of the intestinal smooth muscles of the White Sea cod Gadus morhua marisalbi (Gadidae). A longitudinal strip was excised from the proximal cod intestine and placed in an apparatus for recording contractile responses in the isometric mode. Contractile responses to acetylcholine were completely blocked by atropine. Blockade of M3 cholinergic receptors with 4-DAMP resulted in a decrease in acetylcholine-induced contraction compared with the control response. Blockade of M1 receptors with pirenzepine led to a weakening of contraction, less pronounced than with blockade of M3 cholinergic receptors. Blockade of M2-cholinergic receptors with methoctramine did not affect the magnitude of the contractile response. Incubation of preparations with the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil was accompanied by a significant decrease in contractile responses compared with the control, as well as a faster decrease in the contraction force after reaching the “peak” of the reaction. Thus, acetylcholine causes contraction of cod intestinal smooth muscle by activating M3- and M1- but not M2-cholinergic receptors. The activity of the Rho-kinase enzyme contributes to the development and maintenance of cod intestinal smooth muscle contraction under the action of acetylcholine. The results obtained are of interest for comparative physiology, may be important for understanding the mechanisms of the damaging effect of environmental factors on the bony fish’ body, as well as for the use of fish as objects of preclinical studies of drugs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.