vestnik-bio-msuВестник Московского университета. Серия 16. БиологияVestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya0137-0952Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology10.55959/MSU0137-0952-16-78-3-5vestnik-bio-msu-1259Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕRESEARCH ARTICLEБактерии рода Bacillus на Международной космической станцииBacteria of the genus Bacillus on the Russian segment of the International Space Statio nhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-9051ЕникеевР. Р.YenikeyevR. R.

Еникеев Радмир Рустамович – аспирант кафедры микробиологии биологического факультета. Тел.: 8-495-939-42 23

119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12

Department of Microbiology, School of Biology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

radmir.yenikeyev@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-3279ЗахарчукЛ. М.ZakharchukL. M.

Захарчук Леонид Михайлович – докт. биол. наук, доц. кафедры микробиологии биологического факультета. Тел.: 8-495-939-42 23

119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12

Department of Microbiology, School of Biology

1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234

zakharchuk@mail.ruМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202320112023783178185Copyright © Еникеев Р.Р., Захарчук Л.М., 20232023Еникеев Р.Р., Захарчук Л.М.Yenikeyev R.R., Zakharchuk L.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1259

С поверхностей оборудования российского сегмента Международной космической станции получены чистые культуры 19 штаммов спорообразующих бактерий. Изучение морфологических, культуральных и физиолого-биохимических свойств этих бактерий позволило отнести все штаммы к роду Bacillus. В результате использования методов MALDI-TOF и полногеномного секвенирования установлено, что из 19 штаммов бацилл шесть принадлежат к виду B. paralicheniformis, четыре – к B. pumilus, четыре – к B. subtilis, два – к B. cereus и один – к B. amyloliquefaciens. В соответствии с требованиями и нормами EUCAST 2023 изучена устойчивость полученных из российского сегмента Международной космической станции штаммов бацилл к таким антибиотикам, как имипенем, меропенем, ципрофлоксацин, левофлоксацин, норфлоксацин, ванкомицин, эритромицин, клиндамицин и линезолид. У 11 штаммов бацилл обнаружена резистентность к эритромицину, у пяти штаммов – к клиндамицину. Лишь по одному штамму проявили резистентость к имипенему, левофлоксацину и норфлоксацину соответственно. Анализ полного генома штаммов бактерий, у которых была обнаружена устойчивость к эритромицину и/или клиндамицину, позволил установить, что резистентность к этим антибиотикам у B. paralicheniformis штаммов SE71, SE131, SE181, SE182 и SE183 обеспечивает ген резистентности к антибиотикам ermD. У B. cereus SE43 устойчивость к эритромицину кодирует ген mphL.

Pure cultures of 19 strains of spore-forming bacteria were obtained from the equipment surfaces of the Russian segment of the International Space Station. The study of morphological, cultural and physiological-biochemical properties of these bacteria allowed us to attribute all strains to the genus Bacillus. As a result of using MALDI-TOF methods and genome-wide sequencing, it was found that out of 19 bacillus strains, six belong to the species B. paralicheniformis, four to B. pumilus, four to B. subtilis, two to B. cereus and one to B. amyloliquefaciens. In accordance with the requirements and norms of EUCAST 2023, the resistance of bacillus strains obtained from the Russian segment of the International Space Station to antibiotics such as imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, vancomycin, erythromycin, clindamycin and linezolid was studied. Resistance to erythromycin was found in 11 strains of bacilli and five strains showed resistance to clindamycin. Only one strain showed resistance to imipenem, levofloxacin and norfloxacin, respectively. Analysis of the complete genome of bacterial strains in which resistance to erythromycin and (or) clindamycin was found made it possible to establish that resistance to these antibiotics in B. paralicheniformis strains SE71, SE131, SE181, SE182, SE183 provides the ermD antibiotic resistance gene. In B. cereus SE43, resistance to erythromycin encodes the mphL gene.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.