vestnik-bio-msuВестник Московского университета. Серия 16. БиологияVestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya0137-0952Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology10.55959/MSU0137-0952-16-79-4-1vestnik-bio-msu-1434Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWРассеянный склероз. Некоторые особенности патологии и возможные пути терапии. Часть 2Multiple sclerosis. Some features of pathology and prospects for therapy. Part 2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-8102ФетисоваЕ. К.FetisovaE. K.

Фетисова Елена Константиновна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отдела математических методов в биологии

119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 40, Тел.: 8-495-939-55-50

1–40 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 1119991 

ekfetisova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-9338ВоробьеваН. В.VorobjevaN. V.

Воробьева Нина Викторовна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. кафедры иммунологии 

119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12, Тел.: 8-495-939-46-46

1–12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234 

nvvorobjeva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2332-5644МунтянМ. С.MuntyanM. S.

Мунтян Мария Сергеевна – канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отдела биоэнергетики 

119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 40, Тел.: 8-495-939-53-60

1–40 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 1119991 

muntyan@genebee.msu.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии имени А.Н. Белозерского, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияBelozersky Institute of Physico–Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationБиологический факультет, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияBiology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202403032025794269279Copyright © Фетисова Е.К., Воробьева Н.В., Мунтян М.С., 20252025Фетисова Е.К., Воробьева Н.В., Мунтян М.С.Fetisova E.K., Vorobjeva N.V., Muntyan M.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1434

Рассеянный склероз (РС) входит в число наиболее распространенных неврологических заболеваний. Количество страдающих от РС постоянно растет во всем мире. Заболевание в отсутствие лечения приводит к инвалидизации наиболее трудоспособной части населения молодого возраста, а в последние годы стало все чаще диагносцироваться и у пожилых пациентов. Вторая часть нашего обзора посвящена перспективам методов терапии РС, находящихся в стадии разработки. В качестве мишеней при лечении РС рассмотрены митохондрии с использованием митоходриально-направленных антиоксидантов, нейтрофилы, а также затронутые патологией клетки иммунитета и другие специализированные клетки, перепрограммировать и заместить которые на здоровые можно при помощи стволовых клеток, незрелые олигодендроциты, ускоренно созревающие и вызывающие ремиелинизацию аксонов при воздействии антигистаминного препарата. Гельминтотерапия, сопровождающаяся смещением состава микробиоты больных РС и выделением антиоксидантов в ткани человека и модельных животных, может приводить к иммуномодуляции и снижению окислительного стресса, обеспечивая значительное ослабление заболевания. Обсуждаются подходы к лечению пожилых больных РС.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological diseases and the number of affected people is constantly growing worldwide. Untreated MS leads to disability of the most capable part of the young population, and in recent years it has been diagnosed increasingly in elderly patients as well. The second part of our review is devoted to the prospects of MS therapies currently under development. Mitochondria and the use of mitochodria-targeted antioxidants, neutrophils, as well as immune cells affected by pathology and other differentiated cells, which can be reprogrammed and replaced by healthy cells using stem cells, are considered as targets in MS treatment. Helminth therapy, accompanied by a shift in the composition of the microbiota of MS patients and the release of antioxidants in the tissues of the examined humans and model animals, may lead to immunomodulation and reduction of oxidative stress, providing significant attenuation of the disease. Approaches to the treatment of elderly MS patients are discussed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.