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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnik-bio-msu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0137-0952</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Lomonosov Moscow State University,  School of Biology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55959/MSU0137-0952-16-79-4-9</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnik-bio-msu-1439</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика развития системной воспалительной реакции и нарушение эндотелий-зависимой вазодилатации церебральных артерий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of development of the systemic inflammatory response and disruption of endothelium-dependent vasodilation of cerebral arteries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7483-1080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Ирина Борисовна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. </p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, наб. Макарова, д. 6, Тел.: 8-813-707-25-53</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Makarov emb., 6, St. Petersburg, 199034 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sokolovaib@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8517-7467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуваева</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvaeva</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шуваева Вера Николаевна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. </p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, наб. Макарова, д. 6, Тел.: 8-813-707-25-53</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Makarov emb., 6, St. Petersburg, 199034 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">huvaevavn@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии имени И.П. Павлова, Российская академия наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>79</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>315</fpage><lpage>321</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соколова И.Б., Шуваева В.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколова И.Б., Шуваева В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolova I.B., Shuvaeva V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1439">https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1439</self-uri><abstract><p>Системное хроническое воспаление (СХВ) может развиться вследствие сахарного диабета, ишемической болезни сердца, атеросклероза, аутоиммунных заболеваний, почечных, печеночных, легочных патологий, онкологии и т.д. В ходе пандемии COVID-19 были получены наглядные доказательства того, что воспаление повреждает эндотелиальные клетки сосудистой стенки с последующим нарушением микроциркуляции. К настоящему времени не выяснены механизмы, приводящие к патологическим изменениям в головном мозге на фоне СХВ. В настоящей работе было исследовано, как отражается развитие системного воспаления на вазодилататорной функции церебральных артерий. Моделирование СХВ было основано на общепринятой модели лигирования и перфорации слепой кишки, которая заключается в перевязке слепой кишки под илеоцекальным клапаном и ее проколе с помощью иглы. Для характеристики полученной модели СХВ у животных фиксировали изменение массы тела и артериального давления, анализировали уровень лейкоцитов, скорость оседания эритроцитов, показатель гематокрита и степень агрегации эритроцитов в артериальной крови, количество десквамированных эндотелиальных клеток в венозной крови. Исследование плотности сосудистой сети пиальной оболочки и реактивности артерий проводили методом прижизненной визуализации микрососудистого русла. Оценивали число сосудов на единицу площади и изменение диаметра артерий под воздействием вазоактивных веществ: аминогуанидина (блокатор индуцибельной NO-синтазы) и ацетилхолина. В период с 7-х сут до 3-х мес. после начала СХВ уровень лейкоцитов в крови крыс увеличивался в 1,7–2,1 раза по сравнению с контролем. Число десквамированных эндотелиальных клеток увеличилось в 1,8 раза относительно контроля. Агрегируемость эритроцитов повысилась в среднем в 1,3 раза. Плотность сосудистой сети пиальной оболочки уменьшилась в среднем в 1,7 раза. В 1,6–3,1 раза увеличилось число констрикций пиальных артерий под воздействием аминогуанидина. В 1,8–4,9 раза снизилось число расширившихся артерий под воздействием ацетилхолина. Таким, образом, развитие СХВ в течение 3 мес. приводит к уменьшению плотности церебральной сосудистой сети и ухудшению вазомоторной функции эндотелиальных клеток мозговых артерий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) can develop due to diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, autoimmune diseases, kidney, liver, and lung pathologies, cancer, etc. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was clear evidence showing that inflammation damages endothelial cells of the vascular wall, leading to impaired microcirculation. Currently, the mechanisms causing pathological changes in the brain amid SCI are still unclear. In this work, we investigated how systemic inflammation affects the vasodilatory function of cerebral arteries. SCI was modeled using the well-established cecal ligation and puncture model, which involves tying off the cecum below the ileocecal valve and puncturing it with a needle. For characterizing the SCI model in animals, we recorded changes in body weight, blood pressure, and analyzed levels of leukocytes, ESR, hematocrit, erythrocyte aggregation in arterial blood, and the number of desquamated endothelial cells in venous blood. The density of the vascular network in the pial membrane and arterial reactivity was studied using in vivo microvascular imaging. The number of vessels per unit area and changes in arterial diameter under the influence of vasoactive substances – aminoguanidine (an inducible NO-synthase inhibitor) and acetylcholine – were measured. From 7 days to 3 months after the onset of SCI, leukocyte levels in rat blood increased by 2.1–1.7 times compared to the control group. The number of desquamated endothelial cells increased by 1.8 times compared to the control. Erythrocyte aggregation rose by an average of 1.3 times. The density of the vascular network in the pial membrane decreased by an average of 1.7 times. The number of constrictions in pial arteries induced by aminoguanidine increased by 1.5 to 3.7 times. The number of arteries that expanded in response to acetylcholine decreased by 1.8 to 4.9 times. Thus, SCI over a period of three months leads to a decrease in the density of the cerebral vascular network and a deterioration in the vasomotor function of endothelial cells in cerebral arteries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>системное хроническое воспаление</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>церебральные артерии</kwd><kwd>лейкоциты</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальные клетки</kwd><kwd>степень агрегации эритроцитов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>systemic chronic inflammation</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>cerebral arteries</kwd><kwd>leukocytes</kwd><kwd>endothelial cells</kwd><kwd>erythrocyte aggregation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана средствами федерального бюджета в рамках государственного задания ФГБУН Институт физиологии им. И.П.Павлова РАН (№1021062411784-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the State funding allocated to the Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences (No. 1021062411784-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clària J., Arroyo V., Moreau R. Roles of systemic inflammatory and metabolic responses in the pathophysiology of acute-on-chronic liver failure. JHEP Rep. 2023;5(9):100807.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clària J., Arroyo V., Moreau R. Roles of systemic inflammatory and metabolic responses in the pathophysiology of acute-on-chronic liver failure. 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