vestnik-bio-msuВестник Московского университета. Серия 16. БиологияVestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya0137-0952Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology10.55959/MSU0137-0952-16-80-2-6vestnik-bio-msu-1508Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕRESEARCH ARTICLEУчастие активных форм кислорода и антиоксидантных ферментов в формировании аэренхимы корня ячменя в условиях гипоксииReactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes participate in the formation of aerenchyma in barley root under hypoxiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4602-2224МалыгинМ. В.MalyginM. V.

Малыгин Михаил Вячеславович – аспирант

Тел.: 8-343-389-97-28

620062, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, д. 19

19 Mira str., Ekaterinburg, 620062

astett8@gmail.comВасеньковаЛ. А.VasenkovaL. A.

Васенькова Людмила Александровна – студентка

Тел.: 8-343-389-97-28

620062, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, д. 19

19 Mira str., Ekaterinburg, 620062

ludmilavasenkova02@mail.ruПоказаньеваМ. П.PokazanievaM. P.

Показаньева Мария Павловна – магистрант

Тел.: 8-343-389-97-28

620062, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, д. 19

19 Mira str., Ekaterinburg, 620062

m.pokazanjeva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8709-5203КиселеваИ. С.KiselevaI. S.

Киселева Ирина Сергеевна – к.б.н., зав. кафедрой

Тел.: 8-343-389-97-28

620062, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, д. 19

19 Mira str., Ekaterinburg, 620062

irina.kiseleva@urfu.ruКафедра экспериментальной биологии и биотехнологий, Уральский федеральный университетРоссияChair of Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Ural Federal UniversityRussian Federation202514072025802105111Copyright © Малыгин М.В., Васенькова Л.А., Показаньева М.П., Киселева И.С., 20252025Малыгин М.В., Васенькова Л.А., Показаньева М.П., Киселева И.С.Malygin M.V., Vasenkova L.A., Pokazanieva M.P., Kiseleva I.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1508

Доступность кислорода является важным фактором в жизни растений. Его недостаток приводит к гипоксии, которая может возникнуть при избыточном увлажнении подземных частей растений. Для преодоления гипоксии у многих растений образуется лизигенная аэренхима, выполняющая функции снабжения кислородом. Механизмы образования аэренхимы не до конца ясны. В данной работе изучены анатомо-морфологические и физиолого-биохимические изменения в тканях коры корня ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L.) при формировании аэренхимы в условиях гипоксии, создаваемой в гидропонной среде. Дефицит кислорода тормозил рост корней, снижал интенсивность дыхания, но не оказывал влияние на развитие надземной части. На 8-е сут роста в условиях гипоксии в корнях концентрация H2O2 повышалась в 2,6 раза по сравнению с контролем (условия аэрации среды) и формировалась аэренхима. Накопление H2O2 происходило на фоне низкой активности антиоксидантных ферментов. К 28-м сут в условиях гипоксии активность разных форм пероксидаз увеличивалась, что приводило к снижению концентрации H2O2 в корнях до уровня контрольных значений. Сделано предположение о том, что на ранних этапах гипоксии увеличение содержания H2O2 служит для запуска образования аэренхимы, на более поздних этапах – усиление антиоксидантной активности приводило к нейтрализации активных форм кислорода, обеспечивая выживание корней и целого растения.

Molecular oxygen is an important factor in plant life. Its deficiency leads to hypoxia, which can occur with excessive moisture of the underground parts of plants. In response to hypoxia, many plants form lysigenous aerenchyma, which performs the functions of oxygen supply. The mechanisms of aerenchyma formation are not entirely clear. Our work describes the anatomical, morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in roots of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) during the formation of aerenchyma under hypoxia in hydroponic conditions. Oxygen deficiency inhibited root growth and reduced the intensity of respiration rate in them, but did not affect the development of the aboveground organs. Under hypoxic conditions aerenchyma in roots was formed on the 8th day, which was associated with the 2.6-fold increase in the amount of H2O2 compared to the control. The low activity of antioxidant enzymes led to the high H2O2 level. By the 28th day under hypoxic conditions, the activity of benzidine, guaiacol and ascorbate peroxidases increased, which led to a decrease in the H2O2 concentration. We suppose, that the increase of H2O2 concentration in roots triggered the formation of aerenchyma at the early stages of their growth (day 8). Later, antioxidant enzymes utilized reactive oxygen species, ensuring the survival of the roots under hypoxic conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.