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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnik-bio-msu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0137-0952</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Lomonosov Moscow State University,  School of Biology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55959/MSU0137-0952-16-80-3S-5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnik-bio-msu-1538</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мембранно-ассоциированные везикулы: подходы к выделению и характеризации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Membrane-associated vesicles: approaches for isolation and characterization</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-2420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьева Ольга Александровна – канд. биол. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории репарации и регенерации тканей Центра регенеративной медицины</p><p>119234, г. Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 27, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: 8-495-531-27-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27–10 Lomonosovsky Prospect, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigorievaoa@my.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2597-8879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басалова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basalova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Басалова Наталия Андреевна – канд. биол. наук, мл. науч. сотр. лаборатории репарации и регенерации тканей Центра регенеративной медицины</p><p>119234, г. Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 27, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: 8-495-531-27-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27–10 Lomonosovsky Prospect, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basalovana@my.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-8158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виговский</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vigovskiy</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виговский Максим Александрович – лаборант-исследователь лаборатории репарации и регенерации тканей Центра регенеративной медицины</p><p>119234, г. Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 27, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: 8-495-531-27-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27–10 Lomonosovsky Prospect, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vigovskiy_m.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-8976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьячкова</surname><given-names>У. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyachkova</surname><given-names>U. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дьячкова Ульяна Денисовна – лаборант-исследователь лаборатории репарации и регенерации тканей Центра регенеративной медицины</p><p>119234, г. Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 27, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: 8-495-531-27-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27–10 Lomonosovsky Prospect, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dyachkovauliana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6355-7282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багров</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagrov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багров Дмитрий Владимирович – канд. физ.-мат. наук, вед. науч. сотр. кафедры биоинженерии биологического факультета</p><p>119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12</p><p>Тел.: 8-495-939-57-38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dbagrov@live.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3408-3660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Ольга Сергеевна – докт. биол. наук, проф. кафедры биоинженерии биологического факультета</p><p>119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12</p><p>Тел.: 8-495-939-57-38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1–12 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sokolova@mail.bio.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-1369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефименко</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimenko</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефименко Анастасия Юрьевна – докт. мед. наук., зав. лаб. репарации и регенерации тканей, Центр регенеративной медицины</p><p>119234, г. Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 27, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: 8-495-531-27-77, доб. 3159</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27–10 Lomonosovsky Prospect, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efimenkoay@my.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр регенеративной медицины, Медицинский научно-образовательный институт, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Educational Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра биоинженерии, биологический факультет, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>3S</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьева О.А., Басалова Н.А., Виговский М.А., Дьячкова У.Д., Багров Д.В., Соколова О.С., Ефименко А.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьева О.А., Басалова Н.А., Виговский М.А., Дьячкова У.Д., Багров Д.В., Соколова О.С., Ефименко А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigorieva O.A., Basalova N.A., Vigovskiy M.A., Dyachkova U.D., Bagrov D.V., Sokolova O.S., Efimenko A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1538">https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1538</self-uri><abstract><p>Межклеточная коммуникация является критически важной составляющей поддержания гомеостаза ткани. Одним из способов коммуникации является перенос широкого спектра биологически активных молекул – белков, нуклеиновых кислот (в первую очередь, некодирующих РНК) и липидов – в составе внеклеточных везикул (ВВ). Это позволяет клеткам-продуцентам ВВ изменять метаболическую и транскрипционную активность отдельных популяций клеток-мишеней в широком диапазоне и «настраивать» ее в соответствии с потребностями ткани. Большинство имеющихся работ сконцентрированы на изучении состава и функций секретируемых во внешнюю среду ВВ, тогда как изучение подкласса везикул, ассоциированного с мембраной (мембранно-ассоциированные везикулы, МАВ) затрудняется из-за отсутствия общепринятых методов их выделения из разных типов клеток, в том числе культивируемых, и характеристики. В данной работе мы приводим протокол, позволяющий выделять фракцию МАВ культивируемых мезенхимных стромальных/стволовых клеток с сохранением морфологии и жизнеспособности самих клеток с помощью обработки гиалуронидазой. Данный протокол показал наиболее высокую эффективность по сравнению с другими протестированными методами и позволяет получить фракцию, значимо обогащенную везикулами, что показано методами анализа траекторий наночастиц и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии. Проведенный сравнительный анализ характеристик МАВ и ВВ, секретируемых в среду, показал, что предлагаемый протокол выделения МАВ позволяет получить фракцию со сходной концентрацией частиц, однако они обладают меньшим размером по сравнению с ВВ. Таким образом описанный нами метод выделения позволяет получить фракцию МАВ для дальнейшего анализа их состава и функциональных особенностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Intercellular communication is a critical component of maintaining tissue homeostasis. One of the communication methods is the transfer of a wide range of biologically active molecules – proteins, nucleic acids (primarily non-coding RNA) and lipids – in extracellular vesicles (EV). This allows EV-producing cells to change the metabolic and transcriptional activity of individual target cell populations over a wide range and “tune” it in accordance with tissue needs. Most of the existing studies are focused on the composition and functions of EVs secreted into the external environment, while the study of the membrane-associated vesicle subclass (membrane-associated vesicles, MAV) is hampered by the lack of generally accepted methods for their isolation from different cell types, including cultured ones, and characterization. In this paper, we present a protocol for isolating the MAV fraction of cultured mesenchymal stromal/stem cells while preserving the morphology and viability of the cells themselves using hyaluronidase treatment. This protocol demonstrated the highest efficiency compared to other tested methods and allows one to obtain a fraction significantly enriched in vesicles, as demonstrated by nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of MAV and EV secreted into the medium showed that the proposed MAV isolation protocol allows one to obtain a fraction with a similar particle concentration, but they are smaller in size compared to EV. Thus, the isolation method we described allows one to obtain a MAV fraction for further analysis of their composition and functional features.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внеклеточные везикулы</kwd><kwd>мембранно-ассоциированные везикулы</kwd><kwd>мезенхимные стромальные/стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>межклеточная коммуникация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extracellular vesicles</kwd><kwd>membrane-associated vesicles</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stromal/stem cells</kwd><kwd>intercellular communication</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы Московского государственного университета «Молекулярные технологии живых систем и синтетическая биология» (№24-Ш04-14). Работа выполнена с использованием уникальной научной установки «Трехмерная электронная микроскопия и спектроскопия» биологического факультета МГУ. Исследование проведено без использования животных и без привлечения людей в качестве испытуемых.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded with the financial support of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow State University “Molecular Technologies of Living Systems and Synthetic Biology” (#24-Sh04-14). The research was carried out using the unique scientific installation “Three-dimensional electron microscopy and spectroscopy” of the Biological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams T., Salmanian G., Burns M., Maldonado V., Smith E., Porter R.M., Song Y.H., Samsonraj R.M. Versatility of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regenerative applications. 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