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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnik-bio-msu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0137-0952</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Lomonosov Moscow State University,  School of Biology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55959/MSU0137-0952-16-81-1-1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnik-bio-msu-1607</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вазоактивные эффекты H2S при метаболическом синдроме, индуцированном использованием высококалорийной диеты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vasoactive effects of H2S in high-calorie diet-induced metabolic syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6351-7934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панькова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панькова Марина Николаевна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, набережная Макарова, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Makarova embankment 6, St. Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mpankova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии имени И.П. Павлова, Российская академия наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>81</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панькова М.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панькова М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pankova M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1607">https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1607</self-uri><abstract><p>Метаболический синдром (МС), являющийся глобальной проблемой XXI в., со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы характеризуется гипертензией, которая обусловлена преобладанием вазоконстрикции над процессами вазодилатации. Сероводород (H2S) является признанной эндогенной газовой сигнальной молекулой, вызывающей разнообразные биологические эффекты, включая изменение тонуса сосудистой стенки. Целью данной работы было изучение изменений сократительной деятельности изолированной аорты крысы в ответ на действие донора H2S гидросульфида натрия (NaHS) и эндогенного H2S при метаболических нарушениях, индуцированных использованием высококалорийной («западной») диеты. Исследование выполнено на половозрелых самцах крыс Wistar. Использование диеты приводило к развитию у животных метаболических нарушений, которые характеризуют МС. Результаты миографического исследования сегментов грудной части аорты свидетельствовали о том, что как в контрольной, так и в опытной группах введение NaHS в зависимости от концентрации приводило к бимодальным эффектам, вызывая вазоконстрикцию при низких и значительно более выраженную вазодилатацию при высоких концентрациях. Влияние эндогенного H2S зависит от состояния периваскулярной жировой ткани и снижается при МС. Таким образом, усиление H2S-индуцированной вазодилатации при МС, вероятно, является проявлением компенсаторной реакции на уменьшение выработки эндогенного H2S. Ведущая роль в реализации релаксационных ответов аортальных гладких мышц на действие H2S принадлежит АТФ-чувствительным калиевым каналам. Однако при МС их вклад в развитие вазодилатации менее выражен, что является следствием изменения вовлеченности других механизмов. Одним из них может быть снижение H2S повышенной вазоконстрикции при МС, обусловленной увеличением продукции супероксид-аниона. Взаимодействие различных путей реализации H2S-индуцированной вазорелаксации при метаболических нарушениях представляет собой важное направление дальнейших исследований для предотвращения развития сосудистых заболеваний, в том числе путем регулирования тонуса сосудов. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Metabolic syndrome (MS), a global problem of the 21st century, is characterized by hypertension, which is caused by the predominance of vasoconstriction over vasodilation processes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a recognized endogenous gas signaling molecule that has a variety of biological effects, including changes in vascular tone. The aim of this work was to study the changes in contractile activity of isolated rat aorta in response to the influence of hydrogen sulfide donor sodium hydrosulfide and endogenous H2S during metabolic disorders induced by the use of a cafeteria diet. The study was performed on mature male Wistar rats. The use of a cafeteria diet for 7 weeks led to the development of metabolic disorders that characterize MS. The results of myographic study of thoracic aorta segments indicated that the introduction of NaHS in both the control and experimental groups led to bimodal effects depending on the concentration: vasoconstriction at low concentrations and significantly more pronounced vasodilation at high concentrations. Statistically significant changes in vasoconstrictor responses were not discovered during the development of MS, but there was an increase in H2S-induced vasodilation. The influence of endogenous H2S depends on the physiological state of perivascular adipose tissue and decreases in MS. Thus, increased H2S-induced vasodilation in MS likely reflects a compensatory mechanism for decreased endogenous H2S production. ATPsensitive potassium channels play a leading role in mediating the relaxation responses of aortic smooth muscle to H2S. However, their contribution to the development of vasodilation is less pronounced in MS, which is a consequence of changes in the involvement of other mechanisms. One of these mechanisms may be a H2S-induced reduction in the increased vasoconstriction associated with MS, caused by increased superoxide anion production. The interaction of various pathways for the implementation of H2S-induced vasorelaxation in metabolic disorders represents an important direction for further research to prevent the development of vascular diseases, including by regulating vascular tone. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сероводород</kwd><kwd>аорта крысы</kwd><kwd>вазорелаксация</kwd><kwd>вазоконстрикция</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>«западная» диета</kwd><kwd>периваскулярная жировая ткань</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrogen sulfide</kwd><kwd>rat aorta</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>vasoconstriction</kwd><kwd>vasodilation</kwd><kwd>cafeteria diet</kwd><kwd>perivascular adipose tissue</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках государственного задания Института физиологии имени И.П. 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