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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnik-bio-msu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0137-0952</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Lomonosov Moscow State University,  School of Biology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnik-bio-msu-584</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Молекулярная биология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Molecular biology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВМЕСТНОЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ АМИНОКИСЛОТНОЙ ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТИ ГИСТОНА Н1 И НУКЛЕОТИДНОЙ ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТИ ДНК НА СТРУКТУРУ ХРОМАТОСОМЫ: АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДАМИ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>JOINT EFFECT OF HISTON H1 AMINO ACID SEQUENCE AND DNA NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE ON THE STRUCTURE OF CHROMATOSOMES: ANALYSIS BY MOLECULAR MODELING METHODS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горковец</surname><given-names>Т. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorkovets</surname><given-names>T. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры биоинженерии биологического факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorkovets@molsim.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Армеев</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Armeev</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, мл. науч. сотр. кафедры биоинженерии биологического факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">armeev@intbio.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайтан</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaitan</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. физ-мат. наук, проф. кафедры биоинженерии биологического факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shaytan49@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайтан</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaytan</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ-мат. наук, вед. науч. сотр. кафедры биоинженерии биологического факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex@intbio.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>73</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горковец Т.К., Армеев Г.А., Шайтан К.В., Шайтан А.К., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горковец Т.К., Армеев Г.А., Шайтан К.В., Шайтан А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorkovets T.K., Armeev G.A., Shaitan K.V., Shaytan A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/584">https://vestnik-bio-msu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/584</self-uri><abstract><p>Хроматосома, состоящая из нуклеосомного ядра, линкерных участков ДНК и линкерного гистона (ЛГ), является важным структурным элементом хроматина. Существует два экспериментально подтвержденных типа связывания ЛГ с нуклеосомой и линкерной ДНК, которые различаются своей геометрией – связывание “на диаде” и “вне диады”. Показано, что на тип связывания гистона и конформацию хроматосомы влияет аминокислотная последовательность ЛГ. Однако при связывании ЛГ изменяется в том числе и геометрия линкерной ДНК. Взаимовлияние этих факторов и молекулярные основы, определяющие тип связывания ЛГ и нуклеосомы, остаются неясными. В данной статье мы применили методы молекулярного моделирования, включая моделирование по гомологии, анализ атом-атомных взаимодействий и расчет энергии деформации ДНК, для изучения совместного влияния аминокислотной последовательности ЛГ и нуклеотидной последовательности ДНК на конфигурацию хроматосомы. Были проанализированы известные кристаллические и ЯМР-структуры хроматосомы на предмет атом-атомных взаимодействий ЛГ и ДНК, а также энергии деформации ДНК в этих структурах для различных последовательностей ДНК. Для различных вариантов ЛГ H1 анализ проводился с использованием методов моделирования по гомологии. Были обнаружены зависящие от последовательности различия в энергии изгиба линкерной ДНК для двух различных конформаций хроматосомы, а также предложены нуклеотидные последовательности, предпочтительные для этих структур. В результате анализа было показано, что нуклеотидная последовательность ДНК наряду с аминокислотной последовательностью ЛГ оказывает влияние на тип связывания с нуклеосомой. Сформулированы гипотезы для экспериментальной проверки, согласно которым тип связывания ЛГ может меняться при изменении нуклеотидной последовательности ДНК.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A chromosome consisting of a nucleosome core, linker DNA and linker histone (LH), is an important structural element of chromatin and plays role in the replication and transcription regulation. There are two experimentally confirmed modes of LH binding to the nucleosome and linker DNA, which differ in their geometry: binding on-dyad and off-dyad. It was shown that the LH amino acid sequence influences the type of histone binding and the conformation of the chromatosome. However, the geometry of linker DNA bound with LH also changes. Thus, the mutual influence of these factors and the molecular basis determining the type of LH binding to nucleosomes remain unclear. In this study, we applied molecular modeling methods, including homology modeling, atom-atom interaction analysis and DNA deformation energy analysis to study the joint effect of the LH amino acid sequence and the DNA nucleotide sequence on the configuration of the chromatosome. We analyzed the known crystal and NMR structures of the chromatosome for the atom-atom interactions of LH and DNA as well as the energy of DNA deformation in these structures for various DNA sequences. For various LH H1 variants, the analysis was carried out using homology modeling methods. Sequence-dependent differences in the bending energy of the linker DNA for two different conformations of the chromatosome were found, and nucleotide sequences preferred for these structures were also proposed. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that the DNA nucleotide sequence along with the LH amino acid sequence influences the type of binding to the nucleosome. It is assumed that the contribution of the DNA nucleotide sequence and its geometry can be determinative in comparison with the LH amino acid sequence in some cases. Hypotheses for experimental verification have been formulated, according to which the type of LH binding can change with different DNA nucleotide sequences.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроматосома</kwd><kwd>нуклеосома</kwd><kwd>хроматин</kwd><kwd>линкерный гистон</kwd><kwd>линкерная ДНК</kwd><kwd>гибкость ДНК</kwd><kwd>моделирование по гомологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chromatosome</kwd><kwd>nucleosome</kwd><kwd>chromatin</kwd><kwd>linker histone</kwd><kwd>linker DNA</kwd><kwd>DNA flexibility</kwd><kwd>homology modeling</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена с использованием оборудования Центра коллективного пользования сверхвысокопроизводительными вычислительными ресурсами МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова [26] при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект №14-24-00031, соглашение №14-24-00031-п).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luger K., Mäder A.W., Richmond R.K., Sargent D.F., Richmond T.J. Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution // Nature. 1997. Vol. 389. N 6648. P. 251–260.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luger K., Mäder A.W., Richmond R.K., Sargent D.F., Richmond T.J. Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution // Nature. 1997. Vol. 389. N 6648. P. 251–260.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simpson R.T. Structure of the chromatosome, a chromatin particle containing 160 base pairs of DNA and all the histones // Biochemistry. 1978. Vol. 17. N 25. 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