Рассеянный склероз. Некоторые особенности патологии и возможные пути терапии. Часть 2

Рассеянный склероз (РС) входит в число наиболее распространенных неврологических заболеваний. Количество страдающих от РС постоянно растет во всем мире. Заболевание в отсутствие лечения приводит к инвалидизации наиболее трудоспособной части населения молодого возраста, а в последние годы стало все чаще диагносцироваться и у пожилых пациентов. Вторая часть нашего обзора посвящена перспективам методов терапии РС, находящихся в стадии разработки. В качестве мишеней при лечении РС рассмотрены митохондрии с использованием митоходриально-направленных антиоксидантов, нейтрофилы, а также затронутые патологией клетки иммунитета и другие специализированные клетки, перепрограммировать и заместить которые на здоровые можно при помощи стволовых клеток, незрелые олигодендроциты, ускоренно созревающие и вызывающие ремиелинизацию аксонов при воздействии антигистаминного препарата. Гельминтотерапия, сопровождающаяся смещением состава микробиоты больных РС и выделением антиоксидантов в ткани человека и модельных животных, может приводить к иммуномодуляции и снижению окислительного стресса, обеспечивая значительное ослабление заболевания. Обсуждаются подходы к лечению пожилых больных РС.

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