LOV AND BLUF FLAVOPROTEINS: REGULATORY PHOTORECEPTORS OF MICROORGANISMS AND PHOTOSENSORY ACTUATORS IN OPTOGENETIC SYSTEMS
Abstract
In recent years, it has been shown that LOV (light, oxygen, voltage) and BLUF (Blue Light sensing Using FAD) photosensory proteins are functioning as photoreceptors of light-regulated processes not only in eukaryotes but also in numerous prokaryotes. In bacterial photoreceptors, LOV and BLUF domains with attached flavin chromophores are often associated with different effector domains, which possess enzymatic and other functions, constituting modular lightswitchable systems. Nowadays, progress has been achieved in uncovering the photoactivation mechanisms of such systems, which based on the chromophore photoreaction-induced changes in the photosensory domain structures and subsequent signal transduction to the effector domains. Knowledge of signal transduction principles in LOV and BLUF photosensors is important for designing on their basis photo-switchable enzymes and transcriptional systems, which have been applied in optogenetics — a new field in cell biology and biotechnology. The structural aspects of signal transduction by light-activated LOV and BLUF photoreceptors and their regulatory functions in bacteria as well as on some recent advances in using LOV and BLUF photosensors as actuators in optogenetic systems for regulation of cellular processes are discussed.
About the Authors
G. Ya. Fraikin
Department of Biophysics, School of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Leninskiye gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
M. G. Strakhovskaya
Department of Biophysics, School of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Leninskiye gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Service and Medical Technologies FMBA, Orehovii bulvar 28, Moscow, 115682, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. S. Belenikina
Department of Biophysics, School of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Leninskiye gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. B. Rubin
Department of Biophysics, School of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Fraikin G.Ya., Strakhovskaya M.G., Belenikina N.S., Rubin A.B. LOV AND BLUF FLAVOPROTEINS: REGULATORY PHOTORECEPTORS OF MICROORGANISMS AND PHOTOSENSORY ACTUATORS IN OPTOGENETIC SYSTEMS. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya. 2016;(1):57-65. (In Russ.)
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