THE SURVIVAL OF MICROMYCETES EXPOSED TO SPACE CONDITIONS
Abstract
Original data on the survival of fungal spores exposed to space conditions are presented. The experiment was carried out on the Earth-orbiting Russian satellite Foton-M4. The flight duration of the satellite was 45 days. Thirteen fungal species (hyaline as well as pigmented) from 10 genera recovered from destructed stone materials were studied. Sterile quartz sand was inoculated by the fungal spores and was placed into Eppendorf tubes. During the space flight, the Eppendorf tubes with fungal spores were kept inside the Foton descent capsule in the “Biokont” containers and on the external surface of the capsule in the “Exobiofrost” containers exposed to the open space as well. Spores of ten species (77% of all tested species), i.e. Acremonium charticola, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus versicolor, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium verrucosum, Purpureocillium lilacinum, Sarocladium kiliense, and Trichoderma harzianum, survived after the flight both inside and outside the descent capsule. Only three species (23% of all tested species), i.e. Acremonium furcatum, Engyodontium album and Verticillium zaregamsianum, failed to survive outside as well as inside the capsule. Spore viability differed depending on the fungal species. Thus, spores of some fungal species are able to survive under the complex of stress factors such as low temperature values, radiation, etc. We have shown that micromycetes can be used as a model group for study of eukaryotic organisms’ resistance to stress factors, due to their high tolerance not only to extreme terrestrial environments, but to the extraterrestrial ones as well.
About the Authors
V. B. Ponizovskaya
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Mycology and Algology, Faculty of Biology,
Leninskiye Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119234
M. Yu. Dyakov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Mycology and Algology, Faculty of Biology,
Leninskiye Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119234
A. B. Antropova
Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera
Russian Federation
Mal. Kazennyi per. 5A, Moscow, 105064
Russian Federation
Mal. Kazennyi per. 5A, Moscow, 105064
E. N. Bilanenko
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Mycology and Algology, Faculty of Biology,
Leninskiye Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119234
V. L. Mokeeva
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Mycology and Algology, Faculty of Biology,
Leninskiye Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119234
V. K. Ilyin
Institute of Biomedical Problems
Russian Federation
Khoroshevskoe shosse 76A, Moscow, 123007
Russian Federation
Khoroshevskoe shosse 76A, Moscow, 123007
References
1. Horneck G. Exobiological experiments in Earth orbit // Adv. Space Res. 1998. Vol. 22. N 3. P. 317–326.
2. Baglioni P., Sabbatini M., Horneck G. Astrobiology experiments in low Earth orbit: Facilities, instrumentation, and results // Complete course in astrobiology / Eds. G. Horneck and P. Rettberg. Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2007. P. 273–319.
3. Onofri S., de la Torre R., de Vera J.P., Ott S., Zucconi L., Selbmann L., Scalzi G., Venkateswaran K.J., Rabbow E., Iñigo F.J.S., Horneck G. Survival of rock-colonizing organisms after 1.5 years in outer space // Astrobiology. 2012. Vol. 12. N 5. P. 508–516.
4. Horneck G., Bücker H., Reitz G. Long-term survival of bacterial spores in space // Adv. Space Res. 1994. Vol. 14. N 10. P. 41–45.
5. Sancho L.G., De la Torre R., Horneck G., Ascaso C., de los Rios A., Pintado A., Wierzchos J., Schuster M. Lichens survive in space: results from the 2005 LICHENS experiment // Astrobiology. 2007. Vol. 7. N 3. P. 443–454.
6. Williams J.P., Hallsworth J.E. Limits of life in hostile environments: no barriers to biosphere function? // Environ. Microbiol. 2009. Vol. 11. N 12. P. 3292–3308.
7. Scott J.A., Forsyth T.J. Thermophilic microorganisms in aircraft fuel // Int. Biodeteriorat. Bull. 1976. Vol. 12. N 1. P. 1–4.
8. Билай В.И., Коваль Е.З. Рост грибов на углеводородах нефти. Киев: Наук. Думка, 1980. 340 с.
9. Васильева A.A., Чекунова Л.Н., Полякова А.В. Влияние температуры на рост и жизнеспособность Hormoconis resinae и Phialophora sp., развивающихся в авиационном топливе // Микол. фитопатол. 2009. Т. 43. № 4. С. 312–316.
10. Dadachova E., Casadevall A. Ionizing radiation: how fungi cope, adapt, and exploit with the help of melanin // Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2008. Vol. 11. N 6. P. 525–531.
11. Novikova N., De Boever P., Poddubko S., Deshevaya E., Polikarpov N., Rakova N., Coninx I., Mergeay M. Survey of environmental biocontamination on board the International Space Station // Res. Microbiol. 2006. Vol. 157. N 1. P. 5–12.
12. Геворкян С.А., Кураков А.В., Новикова Н.Д., Гогинян В.Б. Распространение оппортунистических грибов в микробиоте биоповреждений полимеров космической техники // Успехи медицинской микологии / Под ред. Ю.В. Сергеева. М.: Национальная академия микологии, 2005. С. 58–60.
13. Dose K., Bieger-Dose A., Dillmann R., Gill M., Kerz O., Klein A., Stridde C. UV photobiochemistry under space conditions // Adv. Space Res. 1996. Vol. 18. N 12. P. 51–60.
14. Neuberger K., Lux-Endrich A., Panitz C., Horneck G. Survival of spores of Trichoderma longibrachiatum in Space: data from the space experiment SPORES on EXPOSE-R // Int. J. Astrobiol. 2015. Vol. 14. N 1. P. 129–135.
15. Новикова Н.Д. Основные закономерности формирования микрофлоры среды обитания орбитального комплекса “МИР” // Авиакосм. экол. мед. 2001. Т. 35. № 4. С. 32–40.
16. Викторов А.Н., Новикова Н.Д., Дешевая Е.А., Поликарпов Н.А., Поддубко С.В., Брагина М.П. Сравнительная оценка биологических свойств микроорганизмов, выделенных в орбитальном комплексе “МИР” в различные сроки эксплуатации // Авиакосм. и экол. мед. 1998. Т. 32. № 2. С. 61–68.
17. Dose K., Bieger-Dose A., Dillmann R., Gill M., Kerz O., Klein A., Meinert H., Nawroth T., Risi S., Stridde C. ERAexperiment “space biochemistry” // Adv. Space Res. 1995. Vol. 16. N 8. P. 119–129.
18. Horneck G. European activities in exobiology in Earth orbit: results and perspectives // Adv. Space Res. 1999. Vol. 23. N 2. P. 381–386.
19. Dighton J., Tugay T., Zhdanova N. Fungi and ionizingradiation from radionuclides // FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2008. N 281. P. 109-120.
20. Zhdanova N.N., Zakharchenko V.A., Vember V.V., Nakonechnaya L.T. Fungi from Chernobyl: mycobiota of the innerregions of the containment structures of the damaged nuclearreactor // Mycol. Res. 2000. N 104. P. 1421–1426.
21. Saleh Y.G., Mayo M.S., Ahearn D.G. Resistance of some common fungi to gamma irradiation // Appl. Environ. Microb. 1988. Vol. 54. N 8. P. 2134–2135.
22. Ребрикова Н.Л. Биология в реставрации. М.: Государственный научно-исследовательский институт реставрации, 1999. 183 с.
23. Алехова Т.А., Александрова А.В., Загустина Н.А., Новожилова Т.Ю., Романов С.Ю. Микроскопические грибы на российском сегменте Международной космической станции // Микол. фитопатол. 2009. Т. 43. № 5. С. 9–19.
Review
For citations:
Ponizovskaya V.B., Dyakov M.Yu., Antropova A.B., Bilanenko E.N., Mokeeva V.L., Ilyin V.K. THE SURVIVAL OF MICROMYCETES EXPOSED TO SPACE CONDITIONS. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya. 2017;72(1):9-15. (In Russ.)
Views:
442
Email this article 