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Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология

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РОЛЬ ТРОМБОЦИТОВ В НЕЙРОВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯХ. ОБЗОР

Аннотация

Тромбоциты участвуют в процессах воспаления и заживления ран, локально стимулируя активацию иммунного ответа и регенерацию в организме. Ряд воспалительных заболеваний центральной нервной системы, таких как травмы головного мозга, болезнь Альцгеймера и инсульт, характеризуются нарушением проницаемости гемато-энцефалического барьера, при котором клетки крови, в том числе тромбоциты, проникают в нервную ткань. Однако роль тромбоцитов в контексте нейровоспаления остается малоизученной. Недавние исследования показывают, что при патологиях центральной нервной системы активированные тромбоциты выделяют широкий спектр коагуляционных и сосудистых факторов и участвуют в развитии нейрососудистых заболеваний. Кроме того, тромбоциты стимулируют иммунный ответ и регулируют воспаление в центральной нервной системе. Трофические и ростовые факторы, содержащиеся в тромбоцитах, регулируют регенерацию нервной ткани. При активации тромбоциты выделяют нейротрансмиттеры, серотонин, допамин, гистамин и глутамат и могут влиять на работу нейронов при патологиях нервной системы. В обзоре описываются основные аспекты и механизмы участия тромбоцитов в нейровоспалении, а также терапевтическая значимость тромбоцитов для лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний.

Об авторах

М. С. Духинова
Школа биомедицинских наук, Китайский университет Гонконга
Китай

канд. биомед. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории нейроиммунологии,

Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences building, Area 39, CUHK, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR



Е. Д. Пономарёв
Школа биомедицинских наук, Китайский университет Гонконга
Китай

канд. биол. наук, зав. лабораторией нейроиммунологии,

Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences building, Area 39, CUHK, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR



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Рецензия

Для цитирования:


Духинова М.С., Пономарёв Е.Д. РОЛЬ ТРОМБОЦИТОВ В НЕЙРОВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯХ. ОБЗОР. Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология. 2018;73(3):125-131.

For citation:


Dukhinova M.S., Ponomarev E.D. ROLE OF PLATELETS IN NEUROINFLAMMATORY DISORDERS. A REVIEW. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya. 2018;73(3):125-131. (In Russ.)

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