REJECTION MECHANISM OF PLECTOLOPHOUS LOPHOPHORE OF BRACHIOPOD COPTOTHYRIS GRAYI (TEREBRATULIDA, RHYNCHONELLIFORMEA)
Abstract
Brachiopoda is a relict group of invertebrate filter feeders that used tentacle organ – lophophore – for caption of food particles from the water flow. Brachiopod extinction apparently occurred due to low productivity of their filtering organ in comparison with more advanced filterfeeders. Investigation of filtering mechanism of recent brachiopods is essential to understanding their evolutionary fate. This study is devoted to the rejection mechanism of waste large particles from plectolophous lophophore of brachiopod Coptothyris grayi. The waste particles gather inside of the lophophore on outer side of brachial fold. The particles form rows along frontal grooves of outer tentacles, are carried successively to the tentacle tips and move along them, sliming by mucus. One part of the particles takes off the lophophore and falls down mantle, while another part was carried to abfrontal surface of the tentacles. Due to repeated reversals of abfrontal cilia, the particles wavily move along the abfrontal surface of tentacles. Such movement contributes to secretion of mucus and forming of particle clots. The clots take off the lophophore and fall down the mantle. The particles are transported along mantle by cilia to anterior part of the mantle margin. Here the ciliary reversals also take place that facilitate to secretion of mucus and forming pseudofeaces. The last takes away from the mantle cavity. Thus, only outer tentacles participate in rejection of waste large particle from lophophore. Ciliary reversals of abfrontal surface of tentacles and mantle are first discovered in brachiopods. This facilitates the secretion of mucus, forming of pseudofeaces and emission them from mantle cavity. The results contribute to knowledges of lophophore function and evolution of tentacle organs in Bilateria.
About the Authors
T. V. Kuzmina
Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, School of Biology,
Leninskiye Gory, Moscow 119234
E. N. Temereva
Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, School of Biology,
Leninskiye Gory, Moscow 119234
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Review
For citations:
Kuzmina T.V., Temereva E.N. REJECTION MECHANISM OF PLECTOLOPHOUS LOPHOPHORE OF BRACHIOPOD COPTOTHYRIS GRAYI (TEREBRATULIDA, RHYNCHONELLIFORMEA). Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya. 2018;73(3):166-172. (In Russ.)
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