ODONATA AND THE ANTHROPOGENIC SALINIZATION OF INLAND WATERS

Anthropogenic salinization of inland waters and its effect on freshwater biota is one of the current environmental problems. Such salinization leads to changes in the natural environment, undesirable from the point of view of environmental protection and not indifferent to humans. One of the three most important factors of anthropogenic salinization of freshwater in countries with a temperate and cold climate, along with agricultural activities and mining, has today become the widespread use of chemical reagents in the fight against road icing. Today, the main components of these reagents are chlorides of Na and Ca – cheap and easy to obtain natural materials. The mixture of sand and salt used in the practice of de-icing is usually stored in bulk in special open-air areas all year round. The impact of atmospheric precipitation makes its a source of salinization of the surrounding soils and waters. In 2015, 2016 and 2018 recorded salinity of inland waters near the long-term open storage of anti-icing agents in the Kaluga region. The anthropogenic nature of salinization of the examined reservoirs has been established. The main components of salinization of reservoirs in the study area are Na and Ca chlorides. The maximum level of salinity in the studied conditions is 4‰ (ppm), the degree of salinity depends on the distance of the reservoir from the salt storage. The influence of anthropogenic salinity on dragonflies, mainly of the species Coenagrion puella L., has been studied. It has been found that the negative effect of salt manifests itself only as a slowdown in the development of individuals with a high level of fluctuating asymmetry, the number of which in the population is not determined by water salinity. High salinity of water only leads to a change in the time of emergence of imago of sabjects with high FA. It is assumed that dragonflies, as one of the mass objects of freshwater biota, obviously do not suffer significantly with anthropogenic salinization.

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