Effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors etoricoxib and diclofenac sodium and their combinations with mexidol on arterial pressure and hematological indices in rats

The effect of course administration (orally, once a day, during 2 and 3 weeks) of the nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor diclofenac sodium (1 and 5 mg/kg) and selective COX-2 inhibitor etoricoxib (1 and 10 mg/kg), 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate (mexidol, 25 mg/kg) and combinations of this non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, 1 mg/kg) and mexidol on arterial pressure, hematological indices and body weight of rats was evaluated. Blood pressure increase in rats is observed after three weeks of NSAID administration. Etoricoxib at both doses increases the systolic and diastolic pressure, while diclofenac sodium at a dose of 5 mg/kg affects diastolic pressure only. Mexidol prevents blood pressure increase when administered in combination with etoricoxib. Administration of NSAIDs at maximum doses for two weeks was associated with an increase in certain groups of leukocytes. In addition, diclofenac sodium increased the number of platelets and induced iron deficiency anemia, which is a symptom of NSAID-induced enteropathy. Both NSAIDs negatively affect weight gain in rats, with diclofenac sodium having a more pronounced effect. The combination of diclofenac sodium and etoricoxib with mexidol does not enhance the negative effects of NSAIDs on hematological parameters and weight gain in rats.

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