MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF SOILS OF EAST ANTARCTICA
Abstract
The investigation of microbial communities of Antarctica soils is a very important direction of research that expands our knowledge of microbial participation in primary soil formation, their communities in extreme habitats features and is of considerable interest for directed search for microorganisms – potential biotechnological objects. In the present review results of longterm (2012–2017) of complex researches of soil microbial communities of the Russian polar stations of East Antarctica are presented (Shirmakher’s (Novolazarevskaya station) oasis, Hills Larsemann (Progress station) and Hills Tala (Molodezhnaya station)). For the first time for this region the assessment of biomass of soil microorganisms by means of methods of direct microscopy is carried out. The general amount of microbial biomass are small, there the fungi are dominate (77–99%). The unique feature of the Antarctic soils is the high content and a morphological diversity of small forms of microorganisms: fungi are presented by mainly one-cells structures (the small spores and yeasts), bacteria - the ultrafine (filtering) forms. At the same time microorganisms can make a significant importance/contribution to such important ecological functions of the soil as the emission of greenhouse gases, especially during the warm season at achievement of resistant positive temperatures by the soil. It should be considered during creation of models and forecasts of global warming of climate. Both the use of various methods of isolation for the analysis of the microbial population of soils and the succession approach expand significantly the information about taxonomy diversity of the cultivated fungi and bacteria in soils of Antarctica.
About the Authors
L. V. Lysak
Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Soil Biology, Soil Science Faculty,
Leninskiye Gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234
I. A. Maksimova
Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Soil Biology, Soil Science Faculty,
Leninskiye Gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234
D. A. Nikitin
Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Soil Biology, Soil Science Faculty,
Leninskiye Gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234
A. E. Ivanova
Moscow State University;
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Soil Biology, Soil Science Faculty, Leninskiye Gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234;
Leninskiy prosp. 33, Moscow, 119071
A. G. Kudinova
Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Akademika Kurchatova square 2, Moscow, 123182
Russian Federation
Akademika Kurchatova square 2, Moscow, 123182
V. S. Soina
Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Soil Biology, Soil Science Faculty,
Leninskiye Gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234
O. E. Marfenina
Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Soil Biology, Soil Science Faculty,
Leninskiye Gory 1–12, Moscow, 119234
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For citations:
Lysak L.V., Maksimova I.A., Nikitin D.A., Ivanova A.E., Kudinova A.G., Soina V.S., Marfenina O.E. MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF SOILS OF EAST ANTARCTICA. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya. 2018;73(3):132-140. (In Russ.)
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