The influence glyprolines PGP and N-acetyl-PGP on gene expression of cytokines in stress-in-duced and acetate-induced ulceration in rats as investigated. Determination of the activity of mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed using methods of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. Intranasal peptide PGP (3,7 mmol/kg) and has a strong protective effect in stress model (59,4%) and acetate model (78,5%) in rats. N-acetyl-PGP does not reduce the area of stress damage in gastric mucosa and has tendency to prevent the development of acetate ulcers. It is shown that in the control animals the formation of stress damage in the gastric mucosa in some cases accompanied by increased transcription of TNFa and inhibition of transcription of IL-4. Development acetate ulcers accompanied by a decrease of gene expression of few cytokines: IFNa, IFNg, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12 and TNFa. Protective antiulcer effect PGP followed by increased transcription of IL-6. In group of N-acetyl-PGP is an increase of expression of cytokine genes Th-1 and 2 type IFNa, IFNg and IL-4.

Effects of magnesium nitrate Mg(NO3)2 on the dynamic of neurological disorders after brain ischemia induced by bilateral occlusion of common carotid artery were investigated in rats of Wistar line. Mg(NO3)2 in dose 5 mg/1000 g and 50 mg/1000 g injected either 60 minutes or just before the bilateral occlusion carotid artery significantly reduced severity of the neurological disorders and death-rate of the rats.

The long history of ideas about the most famous “immortal” (non-aging) organism, freshwater hydra, is shortly reviewed. Over the years this polyp has attracted the attention of naturalists interested in problems of aging and longevity. In recent years this interest is abruptly increased with the accent on fine mechanisms providing almost complete lack of aging in hydra. It is emphasized that hydra immortality is based on indefinite self-renewal capacity of its stem cells. It is this fact allows polyp to continuously replace “outworn” cells of the organism keeping all its characteristics unchanged for almost unlimited time. It is concluded that the applicability of the data obtained in gerontological experiments on hydra to human being is, unfortunately, very limited because in highly developed organisms normal functioning of many important organs and tissues is determined by the presence of postmitotic cells (neurons, cardiomyocytes, etc.) which actually cannot be replaced.

In this study we investigated influence of biological factors (e.g. number of kids, age of first delivery, age of reaching menarche and climax, life-span of their parents) and social (e.g. place of living, nature of work) on rates of aging of elderly and long-living women in Transnistria (Tiraspol). Biological age and rates of aging were evaluated using “Ageing Diagnostics” software, which includes a set of functional characteristics for cardio-vascular, respiratory, neuromuscular system and other data. For long-living women, later terms of the first delivery and longer reproductive period are typical. As for the social factors, the closest relation with the rate of aging and life-span is noted for the character of professional activity: for women involved in work with high physical load, accelerated aging rates are usual.

Using laser interference microscopy (LIM) an approach to study the state of the plasma membrane (PM) and cytoplasmic-membrane region neuron (vertebrates and invertebrates) was developed. The changes of the PM and neurons cytoplasm state at rest and during the modification of the functioning (a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine) was studied. The method for evaluation of the kinetics of changes in PM and neurons cytoplasm in different parts of the cell was elaborate. Regular PM and neurons cytoplasm processes, the frequency of which depends on the functional state of the neurons was found. It was suggested that the fluctuations depend on the PM relief changes, the restructuring of cytoskeleton-membrane and movement of intracellular vesicles in neurons cytoplasm.

The seasonal dynamics of the maximum intensity of net photosynthesis and dark respiration in the spruce fir (Pices abies L.) was investigated. It reflects the impact of a complex of external factors and provides data that are required for monitoring the photosynthesis of the spruce fir stand. It was established that no intraseasonal decrease in photosynthesis occurred in June. A relationship between maximum photosynthesis intensity and air temperature was revealed: the seasonal maximum of the net photosynthesis of the spruce fir was reached in July at a temperature of ca. 20 °C. In August and September, a decrease in temperature optimum was accompanied by a reduction in CO2 assimilation. A positive photosynthesis carbon dioxide balance indicates that old spruce forests in the forest ecosystems of the test area “Log Tayezhnyi” serve as a carbon sink.

Nowadays the synthesized polymeric materials for oil degradation are widely used. The creation of systems which combines these materials with oil-degrading microorganisms gives the possibility to obtain the effective polyfunctional bio-hybrid materials. The investigation of polymeric material and microorganisms interaction was conducted using the scanning electron microscopy. The peculiarities of immobilization and bacteria morphology depending on different types of polymeric materials were investigated. For assessment of immobilization effectiveness the adsorption dynamics was studied.

Courtship vibro-acoustical mixed signals of the male’s Conocephalus fuscus (Fabr.) (= discolor Thunb.) and C. dorsalis (Latr.) are described for the first time. Oscillogramms are presented

The research was carried out in October-March 2009—2013 at Zvenigorod Biological Station (the Moscow Region, Russia, 55°44ґ N, 36°51ґ E). Birds were captured by mist-nets. Standard metabolic rate and respiratory quotient were measured by flow-through respirometry in 64 experiments on Coal Tits. Standard metabolic rate and respiratory quotient had well pronounced diurnal rhythms with minimum in the nighttime (from 2 a.m. to 5 a.m.) and maximum in the daytime (from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m.). A significant relationship between the standard metabolic rate and the respiratory quotient was found. The maximum difference between standard metabolic rates during daytime and nighttime was 55%. During the night, mainly fat reserves were oxidized, whereas proteins were oxidized during the daytime.