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Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya

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No 1 (2009)
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https://doi.org/10.1234/XXXX-XXXX-2009-1

Physiology

3-8 199
Abstract

Connections between three systems of characteristics have been studies using materials of complex anthropological examination of 669 young men and girls at the age of 16—23 years old including measurement of 40 body, head and face parameters, fingerprinting results and determination of personal psychological characteristics based on Eysenck, Spielberger, Strelau and Cat-tell tests using different methods of multivariate statistics. The author suggested an original model of connections of somatic, dermatoglyphic and psychological features in the structure of general human constitution based on statistically significant canonical correlations (revealed by the author) and taking in consideration the degree of influence of genetic and social as well as economic complex of factors (based on the data from scientific literature) on development and formation of the investigated systems of characteristics. The results of work with the anthropological material, evidences of the conception stipulating relative autonomy of morphofunctional systems as an essential condition of integrity of the body in general are presented.

9-13 281
Abstract

It was studied the antiulcer action of hydroxiproline- and proline-containing glyproline on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. Hydroxiproline-peptides are not effective concerning peripheral mechanisms of ulcer foformation in contrast with proline-containing peptides. Protective ulcerogenic activity possess PG, PGP, GPGP, GPGPGP, which reduce the area of ethanol damages both at intraperitonial and at intragastric injection.

14-17 270
Abstract

Effects of NaNO3 on the development of stress-induced disorders were studied on a model of acoustic stress in Krushinsky—Molodkina rats genetically predisposed to audiogenic seizures. NaNO3 at 5 mg/100 g and 50 mg/100 g body weight caused a decrease in severity of motor disorders and areas of subdural and subarahnoid hemorrhages. NaNO3 at 0,5 mg/100 g had no effect.

MICROBIOL PHYSIOLOGY

18-25 416
Abstract

Eleven species of White Sea invertebrates (sponges, actinians, hydroids, polychaetes and nudibranch molluscs) were tested for the presence of associated oxygen-evolving phototrophic microorganisms (OPM) (microalgae and cyanobacteria). Two main approaches were applied: a) light and electron microscopy of intact samples and fixed preparations of invertebrates, b) isolation of microorganisms from the invertebrate samples after mild surface sterilisation. The obtained results allow us to draw the conclusion on the formation of multi-component associations by White Sea invertebrates and OPM, based upon the following data: 1) the isolation of 27 cultures of OPM from eight species of invertebrates (sponges, hydroids, polychaete trochophore larva); 2) the species-specificity of association between epibiontic microorganism communities and macroorganisms within the same biotope; 3) spatial integration of micro- and macro-partners resulting in the formation of morphological structures within interorganismic contact zones.

26-30 214
Abstract

Agglutinin from the Peltigera aphthosa (L.) Willd. thalli was purified and characterized. It was determined, that it is a glycoprotein lectin with D-galactose specificity. Decreasement of lectin’s concentration from the apical parts of a thallium to it’s basal region was shown as common distribution pattern. Fine variations in agglutinating activity reflect physiological differences in the corresponding regions and their symbiotic status.

31-35 217
Abstract

The ability to synthesize polyisoprene was studied for lines of photoheterotrophic callus culture Ficus elastica, which result from the selection and prolonged cultivation of the culture in light in media containing 1% sucrose in the presence of 0,5 and 0,05 mg/l BAP and in the absence of the hormone. Results of microscopic studies show that the F. elastica lines are able to synthesize polyisoprene typical of intact plants. The substantial accumulation of polyisoprene was observed for the culture grown in the BAP-free media. Moreover, for some lines considered, tracheide structures were shown to be present in tissues. The formation the tracheide structures correlates directly with the polyisoprene synthesis. We conclude that the changes in the BAP content in the cultivation medium and selection allow the culture exhibiting a certain functional specificity to be prepared. Under optimum cultivation conditions, the culture develops toward the intensification the polyisoprene synthesis.

Ecology

36-40 160
Abstract

Basing on analysis of the long-term data the problem of technogenic pollution of the river Angara is considered. The areas a strong pollution have been revealed. The estimation results on current ecological situation are given. Some action on organizing ecological management system of the angara basin are recommended.

41-47 243
Abstract

Results of study of quantitative relations between the solar radiation (integral and PAR), the nutrient content and the spring bloom parameters in Uchinskoe reservoir are presented. The positive significant correlations between the date of peak bloom and sum of light intensity in a period from 35 to 40 natural days (upper reservoir, st. Pestovo) and period from 44 to 49 natural days (lower reservoir, st. Listvyanka) were determined on the basis of the retrospective analysis of data for the period 1993—2003. The regression relationships that permit to forecast the start of phytoplankton growth in spring according to the results of solar radiation measurements were derived. It was determined too that the sum of light intensity during 50 natural days in each year correlated positively with the phytoplankton abundance in spring (the highest daily number of algae and integral estimation of spring algae number).

Fauna, Flora

48-52 288
Abstract

Inventory of reserve biodiversity is prerequisite for its preservation — main aim of reserve founding; and it necessary for understanding of biocoenotic connections in the sea. Crustaceans are one of the most abundant and functionally important group of organisms in the contact zone between sea and land. Splash zone, and free thallus of algae, and seagrasses in the littoral of the Black Sea in area of the Nature Reserve “Opuksky” were investigated; its fauna has been imperfectly understood so far. It was found 19 crustacean species, the most part of them are amphipods. Several species haven’t been sampled from the other parts of the Black Sea for late years. Taxocene composition shows originality of nature reserve and surroundings.

53-54 168
Abstract

Vibratory signals of two species of the Coreidae from Russia are investigated; in Spathocera laticornis Shill. such signals are described for the first time. Oscillograms and sonograms of the vibratory signals are given.

55-61 303
Abstract

The aim of research work was to investigate epiphytic bryoflora of the National Park “Russkyi Sever” (Kyrillov district, Vologda region). The National Park “Russkyi Sever” was established in 1992 for the purpose preservation of unique natural landscape, historical and cultural monuments. The epiphytic bryoflora includes 67 species, 10 of them — liverworts (belong to 8 genus and 6 families) and 57 species — mosses (belong to 34 genus and 18 families). Aspen is the richest timber species of the epiphytic content; it was detected 45 species of epiphytic bryoflora on the aspen trees.



ISSN 0137-0952 (Print)