Modulation of human magnetic or electrical sensorimotor rhythms during motor imagery is widely used in fundamental and applied neurophysiological research. To date, there is evidence of a better sensitivity of magnetic field sensors to beta-rhythm modulation, however, the potential synergistic effect of combining the two modalities has not yet been investigated. In this study, simultaneous registration of electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetoencephalogram (MEG) was carried out in eight healthy volunteers during voluntary and imaginary movements, as well as during electrical stimulation of the median nerve. In all subjects, it was possible to identify desynchronization (suppression) of mu and beta rhythms during the performance of sensorimotor tasks, as well as beta synchronization after the end of movement or stimulation. Using the common projections of the covariance matrices of signals of the electric, magnetic, and combined (“MEEG”) modalities, the most sensitive individual spatial filters were calculated separately for each type of reaction. Relative to the pre-stimulus control, the changes in the amplitude of the sensorimotor rhythm components turned out to be the largest in the combined MEEG modality. At the same time, for mu-desynchronization, MEEG turned out to be significantly better than MEG, and for beta-desynchronization, MEEG turned out to be significantly better than both MEG and EEG. For beta synchronization, a shift in the position of sources in the fronto-medial direction was shown, and there were no significant differences in amplitude between modalities. It was also shown that for beta desynchronization, most subjects identified MEG sources with identical EEG projections or without pronounced EEG projections, which indicates the presence of several small tangentially located cortical dipoles involved in beta rhythm desynchronization. The results obtained indicate that in studies of modulation of sensorimotor rhythm components, in particular beta desynchronization, the combination of MEG and EEG leads to greater sensitivity. The multifocal nature of the magnetic beta rhythm and its varying severity in EEG sources indicate the presence of independent regulatory circuits of cortical-thalamic or intracortical origin.

Neutrophils release decondensed nuclear chromatin or Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in response to a great number of physiological and pharmacological stimuli. However, apart from the host defensive function, NETs play an essential role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune, inflammatory, and malignant diseases. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of NETs formation, usually leading to the neutrophil death (NETosis), is important to control the probable aberrant or excessive NETs release. The Src-family kinases (Src-kinases) are non-receptor tyrosine kinases that are involved in a variety of human functions. However, their role in NETosis and oxidative burst has not been sufficiently studied. Since three representatives of Src-kinases (Hck, Fgr, and Lyn) have been described in human neutrophils, we studied their contribution to NETosis and oxidative burst using inhibitory analysis. We have shown that Src-kinases are involved in the oxidative burst and NETosis induced by the calcium ionophore A23187 but not the mimetic of diacylglycerol phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA).

The Kamenka River flows through the territory of the Kokuyskoye gas and oil field located in the Perm Territory. Despite the absence of oil-producing facilities in the immediate vicinity of the river, oil hydrocarbons were found in the waters and bottom sediments at a concentration of 2445–25800 mg/kg. The composition of microbial communities of bottom sediments of the Kamenka River, located at the source and along the river, was studied. Using the methods of high-performance sequencing and bioinformatic data processing, it was established that the main share of microbial communities is represented by bacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria (16.7–30.3%), as well as the phyla Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Bdellovibrionota, Campilobacterota, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Deferribacterota, Desulfobacterota, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadota, Methylomirabilota, Myxococcota, Nitrospirota, Patescibacteria, Planctomycetota, Spirochaetota, Synergistota, Thermotofota and Verrucomicrobiota. The values of the Shannon index for the studied communities are directly correlated with the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in bottom sediments. The phylum Proteobacteria in all communities is represented by the classes Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, among which representatives of the families Rhodobacteriaceae and Comamonadaceae dominate. When identifying to the genus, it was found that in the Comamonadaceae family, the main share is made up of bacteria of the genus Hydrogenophaga. It should be noted that bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas (class Gammaproteobacteria) were found only in the microbiocenosis of bottom sediments, characterized by the highest concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons.

This is a first report about the diversity of micromycetes associated with living thalli of the edible red algae Palmaria palmata (dulse). We collected samples in the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea at upper (10 thalli in the littoral) and lower (10 thalli in the sublittoral) lines of this species distribution. The work was carried out by cultural methods, fungi were isolated from the surface of thalli. From one thallus from 0 to 55 colonies belongs to 0–24 morphotypes were isolated. The total diversity was 52 morphotypes, of which 48 were mycelia and 4 were yeast. All identified yeasts belong to Basidiomycota; among filamentous fungi, 2 species belongs to Zygomycota, and the rest belongs to Ascomycota, the vast majority of which are represented by anamorphic stages. The most diverse genera were Acremonium (10 morphotypes), Penicillium (9) and Cladosporium (6); the most numerous are Acremonium (158 colonies) and Cladosporium (103 colonies). Acremonium fuci is the most common species on the studied thalli (122 colonies on 15 thalli). The most important factor for the formation of the surface mycobiota of dulse is the habitat: littoral and sublittoral algal populations differ significantly in the fungal communities number and structure. The thalli of the littoral population are much richer in fungi. The mycobiota of littoral samples in dominated by dark-colored species, as well as Acremonium fuci and Sarocladium strictum. While the mycobiota of sublittoral samples is dominated by light-colored species, and most of the isolated yeasts were also founded here.

The article considers the species composition, features of the spatial and trophic structure of the macrobenthos of the Nikolskaya Bay of the White Sea. Nikolskaya Bay belongs to heavily silty lagoonal ecosystems with a predominance of the trophic group of collecting the detritus feeders. The accumulation of a large amount of organic matter in the sediments of the lagoon and its desalination in the spring period contribute to the development of mainly small species of detritophagous, which are more resistant to siltation and desalination, as well as to oxygen deficiency. These processes are especially manifested in the apex region of the bay. 26 species of invertebrates and 9 species of seagrasses and algae were found in the lagoon. Analysis of the obtained data on the species composition, diversity and structure of macrobenthos communities indicate the predominantly estuarine nature of the fauna of the Nikolskaya Bay lagoon ecosystem compared to other lagoons of the White Sea, since it is well protected from sea waves and currents by islands, luds and corgi.

The in vitro anticoagulant action of proteases secreted by the micromycete Aspergillus ochraceus L-1 and contained in snakes’ venoms (Protac® and RVV-X® preparations) was studied. The severity of the action of micromycete protease in relation to plasmas of humans and warm-blooded animals, as well as human plasmas deficient in certain factors of the hemostasis system, in comparison with snake proteases in reactions with chromogenic peptide substrates of activated protein C and factor X, as well as using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test. The optimal time of preincubation of the micromycete A. ochraceus L-1 protease with human blood plasma (3 min) and the concentration of the chromogenic peptide substrate of activated protein C (from 0.1 to 0.5 mg/ml) necessary for the correct determination of protein C with her help.