In this article the research results on the effects of 5-ydroxytryptamine-modulin — a little-studied endogenous peptide (Leu-Ser-Ala-Leu), which specifically interacts with 5-HT1B-auto-and heteroreceptors, are presented. The data obtained in the experiments on rats suggest prolonged anxiolytic and antidepressive effect of intranasal 5-HT-modulin administration and give evidence to an essential role of endogenous 5-HT-modulin in the regulation of anxiety and depression.

The research of polymorphism PDR1 insertions grades, lines and mutants of peas by means of seven pairs specific RBIP — primers is carried out in this work. There are identified seven PDR1 loci of inserts in the investigated forms of peas. The high level of polymorphism of inserts retrotransposon PDR1 with primers RBIP2, RBIP1794, RBIP64 which has made 92, 82,98, 78% accordingly is established. The genetic analysis in populations of hybrids F2 (Chi115 Ѕ WL1238) is lead. RBIP700 polymorphic fragment is localized on a genetic card of peas in III group of coupling.

Carvacrol-bearing essential oils (EO) are well known biologically active preparations widely used to improve health, mental abilities, and well-being. Recently we found that one of them, the savory EO, had a positive effect on the average life-span of AKR mice with the high incidence of spontaneous leukemia. Besides, we have shown that one more carvacrol-bearing preparation, the oregano EO obtained from Origanum vulgare (its composition is very similar to the composition of the savory EO), increased the average life-span of long-living BALB/c mice. To clarify the possible cytological mechanisms underlying the effects we studied the oregano EO in experiments on transformed cultured Chinese hamster cells. In the preliminary investigations we evaluated various concentrations of the oil in terms of its cytotoxic or mitogenic effects by analyzing the cell culture density on the 4th day of growth. The concentrations in the growth medium studied (on carvacrol basis) ranged from 1 · 10–15 to5·10–4 M. As a result the concentrations of 2.5 · 10–5 and 2,5 · 10–4 M were chosen for the further cytogerontological experiments because the former seemed to be the maximal 100% non-toxic concentration and the latter induced just about 50% reducing of the final cell density. The preparation at 2,5 · 10–5 M was shown to have no effect neither on colony-forming ability of the cells nor on saturation density (an index of cell culture “biological age”) or “stationary phase aging” of the culture (aging-like degradation of cells in the stationary phase of growth). In contrast, oregano EO at 2,5 · 10–4 M abruptly diminished colony-forming ability of the cells and influenced as a “pro-aging” factor on the saturation density and the death rate in the stationary phase modifying respectively the culture survival curve. Basing on our conception of aging and the data obtained we assumed that the beneficial effect of oregano EO on the mice life-span could be realized at the organism level only but not related to any anti-aging activity manifesting at the cellular level and improving cell viability.

Xenopus laevis larvae after hatching (stage 39) contained in the container volume of 0,95 l (diameter of 9,5 cm and 10 cm in height) with all combinations of white, gray and black bottom and sides (side boxes). Containers were in the closed box with artificial illumination by white light 12 hours a day. The number of pigment cells was determined in the lateral part of the body of the larvae at stage 55 (after 2 months). It is established that not only the background of the bottom, but also sideground can have a significant impact on the number of dermal melanophores.

The distribution, external morphology and ultrastructure of various types of sensillae on the antennae of larvae of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say are described based on scanning and transmission electron microscopy. On the antennae are placed sensilla of 4 basic morphological types: trichoid, basiconica, styloconica and conical sensilla. It was shown that sensory organs are equipped with 2—7 receptor cells: the trichoid sensillae innervated 2—4 receptor cells, the sensilla basiconica — 4—7 receptor cells, the styloconic sensillae — 6 receptor cells. Based on the results of ultrastructural organization these sensilla have gustatory function. Antennal cone are equipped 2 receptor cells and have function of olfactory.

The opportunity of ecological standardization of physico-chemical factors which aren’t concerning concentration of polluting substances, such as water regime, water temperatures, pH, is confirmed. Such opportunity is given with the approach developed by authors which is based on joint analysis of data of biological and physico-chemical monitoring. Additional opportunities which onnected with calculating of admissible influence values varying in time. Seasonal dynamics of the received ecologically tolerable levels (ETL) for factors disturbing well-being of biological indicators is investigated; the analysis of water sample points concerning their ecological well-being or trouble depending on observance or non-observance of ETL values is carried out.

Several anaerobic microbial communities that produce biogas from cellulose were isolated and examined from 24 different natural and anthropogenic sources. The most active methane producers have been selected under thermophilic conditions (+55°C). In order to optimize the cultivation conditions for better growth and development of both cellulosolitics and methanogens, the modified medium has been developed. The most stable microbial consortia maintained their activities in biogas formation for at least 5 passages. The composition of biogas has been studied by using gas chromatography. In average, the percentage of methane in produced biogas reached 60%. Microscopy studies of anaerobic microbial communities revealed the presence of morphologically different cells that varied as community stabilized.

The influence of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation and cadmium on survival rate and fruitfulness of daphnia in the process of ontogenesis is investigated. The effects of the irradiation are clearly defined in toxicological experiments at coactions of the irradiation and cadmium and weakly exhibit at action of the irradiation proper. At all stages of development the irradiation not influencing on survival rate of daphnia increases their sensitivity to cadmium action.