Effect of potassium nitrate (KNO3) on the dynamic of neurological disorders after brain ischemia induced by bilateral occlusion of common carotid artery were investigated in rats of Wistar line. KNO3 in dose 5 mg/1000 g incorporated for 60 minutes and before bilateral occlusion carotid artery realistically reduced gravity of the neurological breaches and death-rate of the rats.

We determined certain stages of spontaneous formation of “cell-in-cell” structures in A431 cell line. Cell cannibalism was accompanied with morphological alterations in host and internalized cells and lisosome-mediated degradation of internalized cell.

The nucleosome forms the so-called “nucleosome barrier”, which presents a serious obstacle to the transcription machinery. We consider the study of formation and overcoming of the “nucleosomal barrier” by different RNA polymerases. It is shown that similar mechanisms are used by very different polymerases for transcription through chromatin. We discuss the data showing a high similarity between the mechanisms of transcription through chromatin and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling. A model of transcription through the nucleosome is proposed.

In this study we estimate the ionic current of voltage-gated potassium channel KcsA (all-atom model) on 100 ns trajectories and interactions of mammalian voltage-gated channel Kv1.2 with neurotoxin. Supercomputer “Lomonosov” has been used. Free energy profiles for one and three potassium ions in the KcsA pore were calculated. At physiological conditions ions pass through the channel pore cooperatively by files with three ions. The study of the influence of interionic interactions on the current and the influence of ionic concentration on the blocker binding were done.

Endonuclease activity found in rabbit liver mitochondrial extract is similar to known endonuclease G: it has an apparent molecular mass value of about 30 kDa, it depends on Mg2+ and is inhibited with Zn2+. Unlike WEN1 and WEN2 plant endonucleases it is unsensitive to DNA methylation status and inhibited with S-adenosyl-L-methionine.

Vertical distribution of primary production (PP) and chlorophyll a concentration (Chl) were studied in two Drake Passage cruises in October—November 2007 and 2008. Diversity in sharp of vertical curves of Chl was pointed out in the different hydrological zones of the Drake Passage. Antarctic waters in spring were characterized by well-defined deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM). Influence of DCM must be taken into account for annual Southern Ocean PP estimation by models.

Lateral root (LR) elongation rate depends on NO3−,NO2− and ABA availability in the nutrient solution. Short-term exposure on 0,01—1,5 mM KNO3 stimulates LR elongation rate; in experiments with KNO2 only 0,01 mM stimulates LR elongation rate. Exogenous 10–6 M ABA inhibites  LR growth. Simultaneous effects of NO3− and ABA or NO2− and ABA on LR elongation rate are different. Role of endogenous NO in regulation of LR elongation is discussed.

We investigated the response of alpine highly productive plant community to soil nutrient addition and irrigation. A 10 year experiment — including additions of calcium, phosphorus, nitrogen, phosphorus + nitrogen and irrigation — was conducted in northwestern Caucasus, Russia, at 2800 m above sea level. We found out that above-ground biomass did not change significantly.
But the biomass increased by 25% in case of the treatment with calcium addition compared with the control, also the floristic richness in this treatment was not changed. Biomass of the main dominant Geranium gymnocaulon doubled in Ca and NP. Campanula tridentata, Carum meifolium, Euphrasia ossica and Matricaria caucasica increased in Ca; Geranium gymnocaulon in Са and NP;
Gagea fistulosa in NP; Agrostis vinealis in N and NP; Carex atrata, Nardus stricta in N; Phleum alpinum in Р; Leontodon hispidus in irrigation treatment. Above-ground biomass of separate species was changed due to the number or mass of shoots changing. Biomass of Geranium gymnocaulon was changed mainly due to the mass of shoots changing, and on the contrary Hedysarum caucasicum — due to the shoot number changing. Sedges had a positive response to N. Legumes had a negative response to NP, N and Ca.