In  model  experiments on  the  protozoa Spirostomum  ambiguum  Ehrbg  stable  dose-independent behavior change under  the  action of low radiation was studied. We have  shown  that  even  at  a dose of 0,01  Gy,  which  is thousands times  lower  than  predicted as lethal  (1000  Gy),  increases the  pro- bability  of spontaneous motor activity  decreases. The  negative  effect  is inherited by several  genera- tions  spirostom. Reduced motor activity  is accompanied by morphologic violations of the  protozoa, a manifestation of which  is also  dose-independent nature in  a wide  range  of doses.  It  is discussion of biological testing  of radioactive contamination of the  environment using  the  criterion of change in  motor activity  of the  protozoa and  prospective studies  of such  effects.

There   are  difficulties in  studying   of  transgenic plants   which   associate with  the  instability  of transformation, the  inactivation of  insertion and  the  derivation of  somaclonal variants. This  study describes   the   lines  of  tobacco  plants,  which   were  obtained  by  agrobacterial transformation and subsequent micropropagation in  sterile  conditions. Plants  are  characterized by dwarf  length, increased  proportion of sterile  pollen  grains  and  the  lack  of insertion which  was detected before.

We characterized the floral structure of single mutants abr, ap3-1 and pi-1 and double mu
tants abr ap3-1 and abr pi-1 of Arabidopsis thaliana. The increasing of ap3-1 and pi-1 expressivity
on the background of abr mutation, which altered auxin transport, was detected. Unlike parental
mutants, which developed stamens in our experiment, the double mutants were not able to form
stamens in the basal flowers. It is assumed that the anomalies in the distribution of auxin in the
cells can disrupt the program of development of stamens, which turn on by alleles ap3-1 and pi-1,
retaining residual function when plants are grown under conditions of 21—24°C.

Phytoplanklon was sampled in the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea and exposed in situ
14 days under two levels of light (E] > Ei) with the additions of ISO иМ of nitrogen as nitrate,
urea, ammonium and glycine. Every 3 days species composition, abundance and biomass of algae were estimated. The maximum biomass (Bnu4) of phvtoplankton depended on nitrogen substrates and light level. The differences in Bmax between phytoplankton assimilated different nitrogen substrates became more apparent under E>. Phytoplanklon assimilated nitrate, urea and ammonium had the higher Вщах tinder Ej. but algae grown with glycine had the higher B,luv under lb Although the values of Bmax differed, the structures of all assembles were similar except of that grown on ammonium under Ei. Competitive parameters of algae related to form of nitrogen and level of light. Comparison the data with results of analogous experiments in 2005 revealed that structure of assembles formed after nitrogen pulse depended on not only nitrogen substrates and light level but also on initial (before pulse) structure and nitrogen status of algae.

Chaetomium  is  a  fungus   found   on  different  substrates contained  cellulose.  Some   species   of the   genera   can   destroy   books,   textile   materials  and   valuable   wood   articles.   Some   of  them   are of great  interest because  of antagonistic and  enzymic properties. Research of morphology and  cultural   characteristics  of  Chaetomium  species   is  an   interesting  practical  and   theoretical  problem. Growth and  development colonies of  C. globosum,  C. funicola, C. elatum  and  C. spirale were  studied   at  17—20,   25,   27,   30  и  33—35°С,   and   on   different  carbon  sources   —  glucose,   sucrose, mannitol, lactose, starch  and  cellulose. Growth of  colonies was  optimal at  25—27°С  for  all  investigated   species  and  entirely week  at  33—35°С.  Growth dynamic and  morphology of  colonies, development  of  air  mycelium  and   fruit  bodies   of  different  Chaetomium species   significantly varied depend on  carbon source.  Comparison of craft-paper destruction was made  for all investigated species  and  C. murorum.  The  fungi  C. globosum,  C. funicola  and  C. elatum  were  characterized by re- latively  high  destructive activities.

Co-cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus with eight yeast species were investigated on water agar.
Special mycelial structures to contact with yeast cells were found in such cultures: nipple-like
appendages and coralloid hyphae. Three out of eight species, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Rhodotorula
minuta, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified as trophic preferendum for P. ostreatus. These three yeast species were used for mushroom cultivation on sunflower seed’s peel. The biomass of fruiting bodies increased on 52,8—75,7% with the H. uvarum and S. cerevisiae suspension presence in the substrate.

Crested auklet  — unique species  of  Alcidae, how  display  complex social  behavior and  breeds in   dense   colonies  included  up   to   million  individuals.  Here   we   studied   individual  differences in  trumpet calls  — loud  vocalization, used  by auklets  as advertising display.  In  2008  and  2009  we recorded 231  calls,  from  24  marked birds  from  Talan   island  (Sea  of  Okhotsk). The  discriminant analysis,   based   on  7  parameters  of  introduction,  showed   84,8%;   and   based   on  7  parameters  of main  part  — 82,3%  of  correct assignment. Both  values  are  significantly higher  the  random  value. Our  data   suggest  that   trumpet calls  of  crested   auklets   carry  strong   individually  specific   features. Even introduction or main part is potentially sufficient for individual recognition of calling bird. We suppose that this superfluity of individually specific information is one of possible adaptation for communication in noisy environment of dense colonies: anklets need to hear only the small part ofthe trumpet cafor undbubtedTidentification of calling bird.