Effects of the selective D2-receptors antagonist clebopride on behavior of adult males rats was studied in such tests as sucrose consumption, “open field”, “elevated plus maze” and “complex maze” with a food reinforcement. The drug was injected in small doses (0,2 and 0,4 mg/kg) chronically within two weeks. It was shown that clebopride may have an influence on emotionally-motivational state of experimental animals, on the one hand, causing depressive-like changes, and on the other — improve learning ability and research behavior. A variety of consequences of D2-antagonist action is caused, apparently, by a competition of it’s post- and presynaptic effects.

Functional state of anticoagulating system in Wistar rats, learned to solve food seeking problem task during 20 seances in standard experimental conditions did not changed compared to intact animals. Combined action of week static magnetic field and opioid peptide opilong, added to learning process, stimulated it significantly, but resulted in hypercoagulation, fibrinolysis disbalance and depression of anticoagulanting system function.

We estimated the volume of an internalyzed toxin containing intracellular compartment and assessed the toxin concentration therein. We hypothesize a role for toxin aggregates in a lethal-to-cell translocation of A-chain to cytosol.

The term “cellular senescence” (“cell senescence”) was put into circulation by Leonard Hayflick to describe the “age-related” changes in normal eukaryotic cells during aging in vitro, i.e., the exhaustion of their mitotic potential. In the “classic” version it was implied that the cells “grow old” with the help of some internal mechanism that leads to accumulation of various intracellular macromolecular defects (primarily — DNA damage). At present, as a rule, speaking of “cellular senescence” means accumulation/appearance in the cells (most often — transformed cells which do not demonstrate replicative senescence) of certain “biomarkers of aging” under the influence of various external
factors (oxidative stress, H2O2, mitomycin C, ethanol, ionizing radiation, doxorubicin, etc.) that cause DNA damage. This phenomenon has been called DDR (DNA Damage Response). Among these biomarkers — senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, expression of p53 and p21 proteins, as well as of proteins involved in the regulation of inflammation like IL-6 or IL-8, activation of oncogenes, etc. Thus, “aging/senescence” of the cells does not occur by itself, but because of the impact of DNA-damaging agents. This approach, in my opinion, although is very important to define a strategy to fight cancer, but, yet again, takes us away from the study of the real mechanisms of aging. It should be emphasized that within the scope of “stationary phase aging” model developed in my lab, we also register the occurrence of certain biomarkers of aging in cultured cells, but in this case they arise due to the restriction of their proliferation by contact inhibition — a rather physiological impact, which in itself does not cause any damage to the cells (the situation is very similar to what we see in a whole multicellular organism).

Reduced intensity of delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll and suppressed growth recorded in experimental population of Scenedesmus quadricauda under influence of pirocatechol demonstrate reduction in efficiency of light reactions of photosynthesis, which, in turn, determines deterioration of algae productivity.

Morphologic, spectrochemical and histochemical examination of R. temporaria and B. bufo tadpoles grown in water where fragments of steel and lead were introduced reveals ingestion as the entry path of iron and lead ions into the animals’ body. Accumulation of lead and iron was detected in tadpoles’ gut and liver, increasing in the course of their development.

Existing methods for environment quality assessment do not meet current requirements as comparison of the quantity indexes of pollution with maximum allowable concentration (MAC) lies in the basis. This degrades significantly the authenticity of the achieved results. Biological methods of ecological diagnostics become priority-oriented as they give the qualitative assessment of the environment and rely on examination of pollutant response of living organisms.

The present review considers a new methodology of biological treatment and conversion of farm waste (manure and wash water) with the use of intensively cultivated phototrophic microorganisms (microalgae). Criteria for selection of microalgae and peculiarities of their intensive cultivation for efficient removal of biogenic elements and detruction or organic components of the wastes as well as the possibilities of cost-effective utilization of the resulting microalgal biomass are reviewed. Advantages and drawbacks of the new methodology are compared with those of conventional anaerobic techniques. Special attention is paid to the integrated technologies combining the aerobic conversion methods with microalgal posttreatment.